Light on the horizon for credible research on teacher education

See all posts

Much to our pleasure, we're seeing a number of constructive research efforts in teacher education, customarily a barren landscape that's notoriously all too inhospitable to serious scholars.

The prodigious team of Donald Boyd, Pam Grossman, Hamilton Lankford, Susanna Loeb and James Wyckoff have looked at how New York City public school teachers are prepared, examining if some education schools do a better job than others. This is one of the first times that a study has followed the trail from student achievement scores to teachers and thence to the institution which prepared them, all to figure out what made the difference in students' progress.

Controlling for measured teacher characteristics (such as gender, ethnicity, age, teacher certification exam scores and whether teachers passed on their first attempt), meaningful variation was found across the over 30 preparation programs that feed teachers into New York City's public schools.

What are some of these education schools doing right? According to the authors:

  • Requiring student teaching and overseeing the student teaching experience by controlling the selection of an experienced cooperating teacher (the teacher in the classroom) and having a supervisor observe the student teacher at least five times;
  • Providing the opportunity for student teachers' engagement in actual practices involved in teaching, such as planning a guided reading lesson.
  • Requiring a "capstone" project, such as a portfolio, research project or action research project;
  • Orienting prospective teachers to the New York City curricula--which may give pause to most education schools, who make it a policy to avoid district-specific training; and
  • Requiring a significant number of content courses.

    What are some education schools doing wrong? Notably providing opportunities for teachers to "learn how students learn," essentially a useless exercise which does not make first- or second-year teachers more effective.

    While the study's authors include numerous caveats in their discussion, the paper is an unqualified success as a model for future research.

    Also on the research front, researchers at the University of Louisville's College of Education and Human Development, University of Kentucky and Florida State University are working to better identify the geometry knowledge that high school teachers need to be effective in the classroom. Not just that, but they're hoping to produce a geometry test that education schools and school districts can use to determine whether teachers not only know the difference between interior and exterior angles, but can teach it as well.

    "There are not a lot of predictive measures for determining how well teachers will teach," pronounced Bill Bush, the principal investigator for the study.

    After all, no one actually knows if current licensing tests--such as the Praxis II content knowledge test for secondary teachers--are assessing what a teacher really needs to know, or just what the Educational Testing Service thinks they need to know. No less than 90 years after America's colleges of education began to take their current institutional form, Bush's admission is disheartening and makes filling the vacuum in our understanding long overdue.