The Educational Testing Service (ETS) admitted last week that it had told more than 4,000 teachers that they had failed its Praxis: Principles of Learning and Teaching test for grades 7-12 when in fact they had passed. Spokesman Tom Ewing explained that upon further investigation, the company realized that "the short-essay questions were being graded more stringently than normal." Neither the explanation nor the company's promise to refund the $115 test fee mollified those who were adversely affected, some of whom were unable to find work as a result of the oversight. Lawsuits, both of which will seek class action status, have been filed in Philadelphia and Ohio and more are likely to follow.